Pirates WWII Teams included First Drug-tested Player
By Joe Guzzardi
During World War II, the Pittsburgh Pirates were less affected by the departure of key players than most other Major League Baseball teams who lost superstars like Bob Feller, Ted Williams and Joe DiMaggio to the draft. The Pirates were able to keep their squads mostly intact and added valuable players through trades. Between 1942-45, off to war went the Pirates Oad Swigart who pitched in 10 games in 1939 and 1940, Ed Leip with 35 plate appearances in three seasons, Ed Albosta, a 1946 Pirates twirler with a 0-6, 6.13 ERA mark, and Huck Geary, .160 batting average in two seasons.
Although the 1944 Pirates sent more players to World War II than they did in any previous year, they nevertheless enjoyed their most successful campaign since capturing the 1927 pennant. The ‘44 Bucs, led by one of their wartime acquisitions, All-Star first baseman Babe Dahlgren whom they acquired from the Philadelphia Phillies, posted a 90-63 record and finished a strong second to the St. Louis Cardinals. Dahlgren played in every game of the 1944 season, batted .289 and drove in 101 runs, sixth in the league.
In his two years as the Buccos’ first sacker, Dahlgren hit a respectable .271. Dahlgren, after burning up the Pacific Coast League, broke in with the Boston Red Sox in 1935 when fellow San Fransico native and incoming manager Joe Cronin thought Babe had a chance to be the BoSox starting first baseman, mostly because of his peerless fielding. In an interesting twist, and paralleling the New York Yankees’ Lou Gehrig, Dahlgren played consecutive PCL games from 1931 through 1934.
On the fateful May 2, 1939, the day that Gehrig asked manager Joe McCarthy to scratch his name from the line-up, Dahlgren substituted for the Iron Horse, hit a double and a homer. Dahlgren recalled Gehrig’s kidding reaction after his 2-for-5 day: “He grabbed me when I got back to the bench and shouted at me, ‘Hey, why didn’t you tell me you felt that way about it. I woulda got out of there long ago.” At Lou Gehrig Day, 1941, McCarthy whispered to Dahlgren, “If [a dying] Lou falls over, catch him.” While baseball historians can quickly respond to the not-very-tough trivia question: “Who replaced Lou Gehrig,” few recall that Dahlgren was the first player ever drug-tested.
Unsubstantiated rumors that Dahlgren smoked marijuana plagued his career and after baseball, his family’s lives. In the 1940s, smoking marijuana was a major scandal. McCarthy and Branch Rickey instigated the rumors and other baseball gossips fueled the fire. The New York Times writer John Drebinger, who wrote the lead story for every World Series game between 1929 and 1963, a total of 203 tilts, said that McCarthy had told him that the Yankees would have “won the pennant in 1940 had it not been for an error Dahlgren made against the Indians late in the season.” The Yankees’ pilot continued, “Dahlgren doesn’t screw up that play if he wasn’t a marijuana smoker.” When Dahlgren volunteered to test for marijuana, a Philadelphia doctor administered a series of examinations and declared him free of any drug use. Still, the chatter persisted.
Years later, then-MLB Commissioner Fay Vincent told The New York Times reporter Murray Chass that, “People railroaded him [Dahlgren] for illegitimate reasons. It’s a sad story. He was accused of being on drugs when I doubt very much that he was. It’s not one of baseball’s prettiest stories, and I regret that it didn’t get fixed before he died.” [of natural causes in 1996.] Dahlgren’s grandson Matt wrote an acclaimed book titled “Rumor in Town” that debunks the baseless marijuana allegations. Matt also provided some comforting details about his grandfather’s last 25 years. “Babe continued working with young prospects and eager-eyed players. He had compiled hundreds of rolls of film dating back to the early ‘40s when he used his first 8mm movie camera to capture the likes of Joe DiMaggio and other stars from the past. Little could he have imagined back then that his idea of using film to help struggling ball players would…become a mainstay in modern baseball and coaching.” Unfortunately, these historical and priceless films were lost to the fire that engulfed Babe’s home in 1980.
Safe to say that Babe would be aghast at the common use of performance enhancing drugs in today’s baseball and the wrist slap that passes for punishment. The use, possession, and sale of performance enhancing drugs is a federal felony punishable by a jail sentence and/or fines. If Dahlgren had played in a more tolerant drug-usage baseball era, his and his family’s lives would have had been more peaceful.
Joe Guzzardi is a Society for American Baseball Research. Contact him at guzzjoe@yahoo.com
Pirates WWII Teams included First Drug-tested Player
